概述

   我们介绍了一种简单有效的高通量实验平台，用以即时、持续在动态环境条件下监控土壤-植物-大气连续体下的多种植物的水分关系。此系统可测量和记录此阵列下单个植株在常规条件、胁迫条件和恢复条件下的详细生理反应，持续时间从几分钟到整个生长季，也可于任意表型阶段进行记录。每个花盆加入三个探针，为鉴别整植株蒸腾、生物量增加、气孔导度和根流的水分关系，设计出了特殊算法。算法也可以容许定量计算整个植株的水利用效率以及在动态土壤和大气环境条件下以高分辨率计算相对水含量。系统没有移动部件，可安装到多种工作环境中。筛查野生西红柿(Solanum pennellii)与西红柿培育种(S. lycopersicum)杂交后的65株植株，利用我们系统和传统气体交换工具，证实了该系统的精度以及诊断功能。此此处讨论了该高通量诊断筛查方法的使用，主要依据于对整植株性能基因调控（特别是胁迫环境下）的理解。

关键词：表型植物胁迫反应，整植株水分关系，蒸腾，根流，土壤-植物-大气连续体，基因环境互作，功能表型，技术进步。

High-throughput physiological phenotyping and screening system for the characterization of plant–environment interactions

Summary

We present a simple and effective high-throughput experimental platform for simultaneous and continuous monitoring of water relations in the soil–plant–atmosphere continuum of numerous plants under dynamic envi- ronmental conditions. This system provides a simultaneously measured, detailed physiological response profile for each plant in the array, over time periods ranging from a few minutes to the entire growing season, under normal, stress and recovery conditions and at any phenological stage. Three probes for each pot in the array and a specially designed algorithm enable detailed water-relations characterization of whole-plant transpiration, biomass gain, stomatal conductance and root flux. They also enable quantitative calculation of the whole plant water-use efficiency and relative water content at high resolution under dynamic soil and atmospheric condi- tions. The system has no moving parts and can fit into many growing environments. A screening of 65 intro- gression lines of a wild tomato species (Solanum pennellii) crossed with cultivated tomato (S. lycopersicum), using our system and conventional gas-exchange tools, confirmed the accuracy of the system as well as its diag- nostic capabilities. The use of this high-throughput diagnostic screening method is discussed in light of the gaps in our understanding of the genetic regulation of whole-plant performance, particularly under abiotic stress.

Keywords: phenotyping  plant  stress  response, whole-plant  water  relation,  transpiration,root  flux, soil–plant–atmosphere continuum, genotype-by-environment interaction, functional phenotyping, technical advance.