摘要

在桃树栽培中，间伐和修剪是昂贵的栽培措施，但对获得足够的产量至关重要。这项研究评估了两种修剪（四个和六个支架枝）和三种间伐（低、中、高作物负荷）水平相结合对四种不同扁桃品种产量和果实质量的影响，这些品种于2017-2018年在意大利进行了训练。对产量（平均果实重量、植株总产量和果实周长）、质量（果实硬度和颜色、可溶性固形物含量和可滴定酸度）和营养（总抗氧化能力和总酚含量）参数进行了评估。就生产参数而言，高作物负荷水平导致果实重量和周长减少，而高作物负荷则导致植株产量增加。就定性参数而言，在这两个研究年中，水果SSC随着作物负荷水平的降低而显著增加，而TA不受作物负荷和分枝数的影响。总抗氧化能力和多酚含量均随分枝数的增加而降低。这项研究的结果将有助于种植者在基因型和植物管理之间选择最合适的组合，以达到预期的生产或质量目标。 

关键词：作物负荷；糖；酸；抗氧化能力；多酚；产量；水果大小

Branch Numbers and Crop Load Combination Effects on Production and Fruit Quality of Flat Peach Cultivars (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) Trained as Catalonian Vase

Abstract

Thinning and pruning are expensive cultural practices in peach cultivation, but essential to obtain adequate production. This study evaluated the effects of combining two pruning (four and six scaffold branches) and three thinning (low, medium, and high crop load) levels on yield and fruit quality of four different flat peach cultivars, trained as Catalonian vase in 2017–2018 in Italy. Productive (average fruit weight, plant total production, and fruit circumference), qualitative (fruit firmness and overcolor, Soluble Solids Content, and Titratable Acidity), and nutritional (Total Antioxidant Capacity, and Total Phenol Content) parameters were evaluated. For productive parameters, a high crop load level led to a decrease in fruit weight and circumference, while a high crop load resulted in higher plant yield. Regarding the qualitative parameters, fruit SSC significantly increased with the diminution of the crop load level in both years of study, while TA was not influenced by crop load and number of branches. Both the total antioxidant capacity and the polyphenol content decreased with an increase in branches number. The findings derived from this study will help growers to select the most suitable combination among genotypes and plant management, to obtain the desired productive or qualitative goals. 

Keywords: crop load; sugars; acids; antioxidant capacity; polyphenols; yield; fruit size