Dualex便携式智能气象-叶绿素-花青素-黄酮醇测量仪

在气候变化的背景下，鹰嘴豆（Cicer arietinum L.）繁殖期的热应激导致了显著的产量损失。为了确定与热应激耐受性相关的基因组区域，使用测序基因分型方法对源自DCP 92-3（热敏感）和ICCV 92944（热耐受）的重组自交系群体进行基因分型，并在正常和晚播或热应激环境下连续两年（2017年和2018年）进行评估。构建了包含788个单核苷酸多态性标记的高密度遗传图谱，标记跨度为1125cm。利用复合区间作图，13个性状中的12个共鉴定出77个qtl（37个主效qtl和40个副效qtl）。CaLG07上的一个基因组区域包含数量性状位点（QTL），解释了从结荚到结荚的天数、100粒重的表型变异>30%，解释了>10%PVE的氮平衡指数。此外，我们还首次报道了性状（叶绿素含量、氮平衡指数、归一化差异营养指数和细胞膜稳定性等生理性状）的主要QTL。此外，QTL区域中编码热休克蛋白基因、热休克转录因子的32个候选基因与花粉特异性基因以及开花时间调控有关。本研究报告的主要QTL经验证后，可能有助于开发耐热优良品系或品种的分子育种。

关键词：鹰嘴豆、热应激、测序基因分型、归一化差异植被指数、结荚天数

Major QTLs and Potential Candidate Genes for Heat Stress Tolerance Identified in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) 

In the context of climate change, heat stress during the reproductive stages of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) leads to significant yield losses. In order to identify the genomic regions responsible for heat stress tolerance, a recombinant inbred line population derived from DCP 92-3 (heat sensitive) and ICCV 92944 (heat tolerant) was genotyped using the genotyping-by-sequencing approach and evaluated for two consecutive years (2017 and 2018) under normal and late sown or heat stress environments. A high-density genetic map comprising 788 single-nucleotide polymorphism markers spanning 1,125 cM was constructed. Using composite interval mapping, a total of 77 QTLs (37 major and 40 minor) were identified for 12 of 13 traits. A genomic region on CaLG07 harbors quantitative trait loci (QTLs) explaining >30% phenotypic variation for days to pod initiation, 100 seed weight, and for nitrogen balance index explaining >10% PVE. In addition, we also reported for the first time major QTLs for proxy traits (physiological traits such as chlorophyll content, nitrogen balance index, normalized difference vegetative index, and cell membrane stability). Furthermore, 32 candidate genes in the QTL regions that encode the heat shock protein genes, heat shock transcription factors, are involved in flowering time regulation as well as pollen-specific genes. The major QTLs reported in this study, after validation, may be useful in molecular breeding for developing heat-tolerant superior lines or varieties.

Keywords: chickpea, heat stress, genotyping-by-sequencing, normalized difference vegetation index, days to pod initiation

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