Dualex便携式智能气象-叶绿素-花青素-黄酮醇测量仪

摘要 

西花蓟马（Thysanaptera:蓟马科）是世界范围内蔬菜和观赏植物栽培中一种重要的经济害虫。在菊花的营养期和生殖期，对宿主植物的抗性以及黄酮醇、花色和花形等抗性因子的作用知之甚少。我们在两个季节中广泛筛选了菊花品种以量化对西方花蓟马的抗性。抗性基于叶片上的银损伤，相对黄酮醇含量使用Dualex Scientific 4手持式传感器测量。品种间银损伤存在显著差异，表明不同的抗性水平。中叶相对黄酮醇含量与植物银害无相关性。在植物发育的个体发育阶段，通过比较多个叶位，黄酮醇在抗病和感病品种中的抗性水平将有可能在未来得到更明确的区分。此外，通过对花上成虫和幼虫的计数，研究了花的颜色和形状对蓟马抗性的影响。结果表明，成虫对花色的偏好存在显著差异，而幼虫则没有。花的形状影响蓟马幼虫和雌性，但不影响雄性。讨论了结果对电阻测定的重要性。

The role of plant physiology and cultivar of chrysanthemum in the resistance against Western flower thrips

Abstract

Western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), is an economically important pest insect in vegetable and ornamental cultivation worldwide. Little is known about host plant resistance in the vegetative and generative phases of chrysanthemum [Chrysanthemum × morifolium (Ramat.) Hemsl. (Asteraceae)] and the role of resistance factors such as flavonols, flower color, and flower shape. We screened a broad range of chrysanthemum cultivars across two seasons to quantify resistance against Western flower thrips. Resistance was based on silver damage on the leaves, and relative flavonol content was measured using a Dualex Scientific 4 hand-held sensor. There was significant variation in silver damage between cultivars, indicating different levels of resistance. There was no correlation between the relative flavonol content in middle leaves and plant silver damage. A clearer resistance level discrimination by flavonols in resistant and susceptible cultivars would be possible in the future by comparing multiple leaf positions during the ontogenetic phases of plant development. Moreover, the influence of flower color and shape on resistance to thrips was investigated by counting the adult thrips and larvae on flowers. The results showed significant differences in flower color preference by adults, but not by larvae. Flower shape influenced thrips larvae and females, but not males. The importance of the results for resistance determination is discussed.

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