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Dualex植物多酚-叶绿素仪:基于无人机的大豆FVC、LCC和成熟度遥感监测
发表时间:2023-04-19 19:42:32点击:858
来源:北京博普特科技有限公司
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Dualex是一款源自于法国国家科学院 (CNRS)及巴黎第十一大学技术,由奥地利PESSL公司生产(原法国Force-A公司)开发的新型多功能叶片测量仪。它可同时准确测量叶片的叶绿素含量、叶片表层的类黄酮和花青素含量,适用于植物生理学和农学(如水稻叶绿素浓度,玉米氮素状况,葡萄藤等)相关研究。其测量对象可以是单子叶植物,双子叶植物或多年生植物。这款设备简单易用,可进a行实时和非破坏性测量。由于不需要校准标定和事先的样品制备,测量工作可在实验室或现场完成。此外,该设备在各种温度的和环境光照条件下均可进行简单、快速、无损测量叶片中的叶绿素、多酚以及花青素。
摘要
及时准确地监测部分植被覆盖率(FVC)、叶片叶绿素含量(LCC)和育种材料的成熟度对育种公司至关重要。本研究旨在基于遥感估计LCC和FVC,并基于LCC和FVC分布监测成熟度。我们收集了大豆关键生长阶段的无人机RGB图像,即结荚(P1)、早期凸起(P2)、凸起峰值(P3)和成熟(P4)阶段。首先,基于上述多周期数据,使用偏最小二乘回归(PLSR)、多元逐步回归(MSR)、随机森林回归(RF)和高斯过程回归(GPR)四种回归技术分别估计LCC和FVC,并结合植被指数(VI)绘制图像。其次,利用P3(未成熟)的LCC图像检测大豆材料中的LCC和FVC异常。该方法用于获得大豆成熟度监测的阈值。此外,通过使用P3-LCC的阈值,在P4(成熟阶段)监测大豆的成熟和未成熟区域。大豆材料的LCC和FVC异常检测方法将图像像素呈现为直方图,并逐渐从尾部去除异常值,直到分布接近正态分布。最后,提取P4成熟区域(从上一步获得),并使用基于P4-FVC图像的大豆材料LCC和FVC异常检测方法在该区域进行大豆收获监测。在四个回归模型中,GPR在估算LCC(R2:0.84,RMSE:3.99)和FVC(R2:0.96,RMSE:0.08)方面表现最好。该过程为大豆多个生长阶段的FVC和LCC估算提供了参考;P3-LCC图像结合大豆材料的LCC和FVC异常检测方法,能够有效监测大豆成熟区域(总体准确度为0.988,成熟准确度为0.95 51,未成熟准确度为0.9 87),P3获得的LCC阈值也应用于P4,用于大豆成熟度监测(总体准确度为0.984,成熟准确度为0.995,未成熟准确度为0.95 5);大豆材料LCC和FVC异常检测方法能够准确监测大豆收获区(总体准确度为0.981,成熟度为0.987,收获度为0.972)。本研究为大豆成熟度监测提供了一种新的方法和技术。
关键词:无人机;叶绿素;植被覆盖率;成熟度监测;异常检测
Abstract
Timely and accurate monitoring of fractional vegetation cover (FVC), leaf chlorophyll content (LCC), and maturity of breeding material are essential for breeding companies. This study aimed to estimate LCC and FVC on the basis of remote sensing and to monitor maturity on the basis of LCC and FVC distribution. We collected UAV-RGB images at key growth stages of soybean, namely, the podding (P1), early bulge (P2), peak bulge (P3), and maturity (P4) stages. Firstly, based on the above multi-period data, four regression techniques, namely, partial least squares regression (PLSR), multiple stepwise regression (MSR), random forest regression (RF), and Gaussian process regression (GPR), were used to estimate the LCC and FVC, respectively, and plot the images in combination with vegetation index (VI). Secondly, the LCC images of P3 (non-maturity) were used to detect LCC and FVC anomalies in soybean materials. The method was used to obtain the threshold values for soybean maturity monitoring. Additionally, the mature and immature regions of soybean were monitored at P4 (mature stage) by using the thresholds of P3-LCC. The LCC and FVC anomaly detection method for soybean material presents the image pixels as a histogram and gradually removes the anomalous values from the tails until the distribution approaches a normal distribution. Finally, the P4 mature region (obtained from the previous step) is extracted, and soybean harvest monitoring is carried
out in this region using the LCC and FVC anomaly detection method for soybean material based on the P4-FVC image. Among the four regression models, GPR performed best at estimating LCC (R2: 0.84, RMSE: 3.99) and FVC (R2: 0.96, RMSE: 0.08). This process provides a reference for the FVC and LCC estimation of soybean at multiple growth stages; the P3-LCC images in combination with the LCC and FVC anomaly detection methods for soybean material were able to effectively monitor soybean maturation regions (overall accuracy of 0.988, mature accuracy of 0.951, immature accuracy of 0.987). In addition, the LCC thresholds obtained by P3 were also applied to P4 for soybean maturity monitoring (overall accuracy of 0.984, mature accuracy of 0.995, immature accuracy of 0.955); the LCC and FVC anomaly detection method for soybean material enabled accurate monitoring of soybean harvesting areas (overall accuracy of 0.981, mature accuracy of 0.987, harvested accuracy of 0.972). This study provides a new approach and technique for monitoring soybean maturity in breeding fields.
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