与保持绿色表达相关的叶片和冠层性状与对水分胁迫具有不同耐性的小麦基因型的产量构成密切相关

Dualex便携式氮平衡-叶绿素-花青素-黄酮醇测量仪

摘要

衰老的开始和速度影响关键农艺性状，包括谷物产量（GY）。我们的目标是评估一组14个面包春小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）基因型中保持绿色和GY之间的关系，这些基因型具有对水分胁迫的对比耐性。基于叶片叶绿素含量指数（Chl）和归一化植被指数（NDVI）测量，分别量化了叶片和冠层水平的衰老动态。在温室和田间试验中，在充分灌溉（WW）和限水（WL）条件下，对描述衰老动态的参数进行了检查，这些参数包括以下保持绿色的特征：靠近开花的最大NDVI或Chl（NDVImax，Chlmax）、衰老率（SR，rate）、曲线下面积（AreaNDVI，AreaChl）和从开花到10（tonset）的时间，50%（t50，X50）和90%（t90）衰老。我们的结果表明，在温室和田间试验中，不同基因型和水分条件下，特定的保绿性状显著不同。GY与ttotal（0.42）、tonset（0.62）和NDVIdif（0.63）呈正相关。在WL条件下，NDVIdif和NDVImax与GY相关（0.66–0.58），而在WW条件下，只有t50与GY相关（0.62），这表明保持绿色性状的表型是跟踪WW和WL环境中衰老动态的有用工具。 

关键词：农艺性状；叶绿素含量；NDVI；保持绿色特质 

Leaf and Canopy Traits Associated with Stay-Green Expression Are Closely Related to Yield Components of Wheat Genotypes with Contrasting Tolerance to Water Stress

Abstract

The onset and rate of senescence influence key agronomical traits, including grain yield (GY). Our objective was to assess the relationships between stay-green and GY in a set of fourteen spring bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes with contrasting tolerance to water stress. Based on leaf chlorophyll content index (Chl) and normalized vegetation index (NDVI) measurements, the senescence dynamics at leaf and canopy levels, respectively, were quantified. Parameters describing the dynamics of senescence were examined in glasshouse and field experiments under well-watered (WW) and water-limited (WL) regimes, and they included the following stay-green traits: maximum NDVI or Chl near to anthesis (NDVImax, Chlmax), the senescence rate (SR, rate), the area under curve (AreaNDVI, AreaChl), and the time from anthesis to 10 (tonset), 50 (t50, X50) and 90% (t90) senescence. Our results revealed that specific stay-green traits were significantly different among genotypes and water regimes in both glasshouse and field experiments. GY was positively correlated with ttotal (0.42), tonset (0.62) and NDVIdif (0.63). Under WL, NDVIdif and NDVImax correlated with GY (0.66–0.58), but only t50 correlated with GY under WW (0.62), indicating that phenotyping of stay-green trait is a useful tool for tracking the dynamics of senescence in WW and WL environments.  

Keywords: agronomical traits; chlorophyll content; NDVI; stay-green trait

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